2. Signaling Pathways
  3. GPCR/G Protein
    Neuronal Signaling
  4. Adrenergic Receptor

Adrenergic Receptor

Beta Receptor

Adrenergic Receptor

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Adrenergic receptors are a class of G protein-coupled receptors that are targets of the catecholamines, especially norepinephrine and epinephrine. Many cells possess these receptors, and the binding of a catecholamine to the receptor will generally stimulate the sympathetic nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the fight-or-flight response, which includes widening the pupils of the eye, mobilizing energy, and diverting blood flow from non-essential organs to skeletal muscle. There are two main groups of adrenergic receptors, α and β, with several subtypes. α receptors have the subtypes α1 and α2. β receptors have the subtypes β1, β2 and β3. All three are linked to Gs proteins, which in turn are linked to adenylate cyclase. Agonist binding thus causes a rise in the intracellular concentration of the second messenger cAMP. Downstream effectors of cAMP include cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), which mediates some of the intracellular events following hormone binding.

Adrenergic Receptor Isoform Specific Products:

Adrenergic Receptor Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-W103960R
    Mirabegron impurity-1 (Standard)
    		Activator
    Mirabegron impurity-1 (Standard) is the analytical standard of Mirabegron impurity-1. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Mirabegron impurity-1 is a potent and selective β3- adrenergic receptor agonist. Mirabegron impurity-1 has the activity of inhibiting metabolism. Mirabegron impurity-1 can be used in the study of the treatment of bladder impurity .
    Mirabegron impurity-1 (Standard)
  • HY-19475
    Taprizosin
    Taprizosin is an alpha adrenergic.
    Taprizosin
  • HY-131145R
    Brombuterol (hydrochloride) (Standard)
    		Agonist
    Brombuterol (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Brombuterol (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Brombuterol hydrochloride (Bromobuterol hydrochloride) is a β-adrenergic receptor agonist.
    Brombuterol (hydrochloride) (Standard)
  • HY-123498
    MCI-225 (dehydratase)
    		Inhibitor
    MCI-225 dehydratase is an orally active and selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor. MCI-225 dehydratase also is a 5-HT3 antagonist and shows antidepressant effects in vivo.
    MCI-225 (dehydratase)
  • HY-B0471R
    Phenylephrine (hydrochloride) (Standard)
    		Agonist
    Phenylephrine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Phenylephrine (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. (R)-(-)-Phenylephrine hydrochloride is a selective α1-adrenoceptor agonist with pKis of 5.86, 4.87 and 4.70 for α1D, α1B and α1A receptors respectively.
    Phenylephrine (hydrochloride) (Standard)
  • HY-B0468R
    Isoprenaline (hydrochloride) (Standard)
    		Agonist
    Isoprenaline (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Isoprenaline (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Isoprenaline (Isoproterenol) hydrochloride is a non-selective, orally active β-adrenergic receptor agonist. Isoprenaline has potent peripheral vasodilator, bronchodilator, and cardiac stimulating activities. Isoprenaline can be used for the research of bradycardia and bronchial asthma.
    Isoprenaline (hydrochloride) (Standard)
  • HY-103214R
    Bucindolol (Standard)
    		Antagonist
    Bucindolol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Bucindolol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Bucindolol is a β1-adrenergic receptor blocker, with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, used in the research of heart failure.
    Bucindolol (Standard)
  • HY-17453R
    Salmeterol (xinafoate) (Standard)
    		Agonist
    Salmeterol (xinafoate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Salmeterol (xinafoate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Salmeterol (GR 33343X) xinafoate is a potent and selective human β2 adrenoceptor agonist. Salmeterol shows potent stimulation of cAMP accumulation in CHO cells expressing human β2, β1 and β3 adrenoceptors with pEC50s of 9.6, 6.1, and 5.9, respectively.
    Salmeterol (xinafoate) (Standard)
  • HY-159686
    Aclidinium
    		Agonist
    Aclidinium is a long-acting muscarinic antagonist and long-acting β2-adrenoceptor (β2-AR) agonist with bronchodilator activity. Aclidinium can reduce hyperinflation of the lungs and increase lung function and exercise endurance time. Aclidinium is used in research on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
    Aclidinium
  • HY-B0716R
    Urapidil (Standard)
    		Antagonist
    Urapidil (Standard) is the analytical standard of Urapidil. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Urapidil is an α1 adrenoreceptor antagonist and a 5-HT1A receptor agonist.
    Urapidil (Standard)
  • HY-A0139
    Thiothixene
    		Antagonist
    Thiothixene is a typical antipsychotic. It selectively binds to dopamine D2 over D1, D3, and D4 receptors (Kis=0.417, 338, 186.2, and 363.1 nM, respectively). Thiothixene also binds to various serotonin (5-HT), histamine H1, α1- and α2-adrenergic, muscarinic acetylcholine, and sigma receptors (Kis=15-5,754 nM) as well as the dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin transporters (Kis=3.16-30 μM). In vivo, thiothixene reduces spontaneous and amphetamine-induced locomotor activity in rats. It enhances latent inhibition, as measured by a decreased lick latency in response to light and foot shock stimuli, which is a measure of selective attention in rats.3 Thiothixene also increases competitive behavior in submissive mice, indicating antidepressant-like behavior.
    Thiothixene
  • HY-14560CR
    Reboxetine (mesylate) (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Reboxetine (mesylate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Reboxetine (mesylate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Reboxetine mesylate (FCE20124 mesylate) is a potent, selective, and specific noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor (NARI) for the research of depression. Reboxetine mesylate inhibits the uptake of norepinephrine, with a Ki of 8 nM.
    Reboxetine (mesylate) (Standard)
  • HY-B1276R
    Metaproterenol (hemisulfate) (Standard)
    		Agonist
    Metaproterenol (hemisulfate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Metaproterenol (hemisulfate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Metaproterenol hemisulfate (Orciprenaline hemisulfate) is a direct-acting sympathomimetic and a β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) agonist with an IC50 of 68 nM. Metaproterenol hemisulfate also has anti-inflammatory activity.
    Metaproterenol (hemisulfate) (Standard)
  • HY-101392S2
    Harmane-d4
    		Inhibitor
    Harmane-d4 is deuterium-labeled Harmane (HY-101392).
    Harmane-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-B1810R
    Tulobuterol (Standard)
    		Agonist
    Tulobuterol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tulobuterol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tulobuterol (C-78 free base) is a long-acting β2-adrenoceptor agonist, which reduces the frequency of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchial asthma. Tulobuterol is also a sympathomimetic agent used as a transdermal patch, and increases normal diaphragm muscle strength.
    Tulobuterol (Standard)
  • HY-117379
    CHIR-2279
    CHIR-2279 is a high-affinity ligand (Ki=5 nM) for the α1-adrenergic receptor and can be further studied as a drug lead compound.
    CHIR-2279
  • HY-17494S1
    Timolol-d9 maleate
    		Inhibitor
    Timolol-d9 (maleate) is deuterium labeled Timolol. Timolol is a β-blocker available for both topical and systemic administration. Topical Timolol is primarily used to reduce intraocular pressure with open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Timolol can also be used for the research of infantile hemangiomas, hypertension, myocardial infarction, migraine prophylaxis, and atrial fibrillation.Timolol also has cardioprotective effect.
    Timolol-d<sub>9</sub> maleate
  • HY-Z8537
    Desmethyl mirtazapine hydrochloride
    		Control
    Desmethyl mirtazapine (Normirtazapine) hydrochloride is a metabolite of Mirtazapine (HY-B0352). Mirtazapine is a potent and orally active noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant (NaSSA) agent.
    Desmethyl mirtazapine hydrochloride
  • HY-B0391S2
    Naftopidil-d7
    		Antagonist
    Naftopidil-d7 (KT-611-d7 ) is deuterium labeled Naftopidil. Naftopidil (KT-611) is is a selective alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonist, with Kis of 3.7 nM, 20 nM and 1.2 nM for the cloned human α1a-, α1b- and α1d-adrenoceptor subtypes, respectively. Naftopidil has antiproliferative effects. Naftopidil can be used for the research of prostate hyperplasia.
    Naftopidil-d<sub>7</sub>
  • HY-100490AR
    Rilmenidine hemifumarate (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Rilmenidine (hemifumarate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Rilmenidine (hemifumarate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Rilmenidine hemifumarate, an innovative antihypertensive agent, is an orally active, selective I1 imidazoline receptor agonist. Rilmenidine hemifumarate is an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist. Rilmenidine hemifumarate induces autophagy. Rilmenidine hemifumarate acts both centrally by reducing sympathetic overactivity and in the kidney by inhibiting the Na+/H+ antiport. Rilmenidine hemifumarate modulates proliferation and stimulates the proapoptotic protein Bax thus inducing the perturbation of the mitochondrial pathway and apoptosis in human leukemic K562 cells .
    Rilmenidine hemifumarate (Standard)
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Adrenergic Receptor Isoform Comparison

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